A review of the literature. Falls are one of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults.
Pulling and Pushing. Pushing and pulling activities can cause occupational LBP. Magora found increased LBP in those whose jobs involved reaching and pulling, and. Speed. Increasing speed of the STS movement increases the hip flexion, knee extension, and ankle dorsiflexion joint moments. 13 To increase reproducibility and. Grading the Scientific Literature and Quantifying the Strength of the Recommendations. The methodology team affiliated with the Mt. Sinai School of Medicine.
Every year, an estimated 3. Falls lead to moderate to severe injuries, fear of falling, loss of independence and death in a third of those patients.
The direct costs alone from fall related injuries are a staggering 0. United States and up to 1. European countries. This figure does not include the indirect costs of loss of income both to the patient and caregiver, the intangible losses of mobility, confidence, and functional independence.
Numerous studies have attempted to define the risk factors for falls in older adults. The present review provides a brief summary and update of the relevant literature, summarizing demographic and modifiable risk factors.
The major risk factors identified are impaired balance and gait, polypharmacy, and history of previous falls. Other risk factors include advancing age, female gender, visual impairments, cognitive decline especially attention and executive dysfunction, and environmental factors. Recommendations for the clinician to manage falls in older patients are also summarized. Copyright © 2. 01. Elsevier Ireland Ltd.
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1. Introduction. Falls are a leading cause of injury and death among older adults and a significant public health issue. Falls affect one in three adults over the.
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